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AbstractIfthe masses are content,grass roots will be stable; and if grass roots stay stable,then the country will be harmonious.Achieving the harmony,stability and development of the vast rural areas is the important cornerstone of national stability and social development.The Chinese mainland and Taiwan belong to the same Chinese culture which has gone through the development stage of modernization,marketization and urbanization.Although the background,starting point,content and form is not the same for the grassroots governance transformation between Taiwan and mainland,they are both faced with the change and adjustment of the government and social relations,re-allocation of public resources,function transformation and the mechanism recycling such pressure and challenges.Currently,urban and rural economic and social patterns are undergoing profound changes.The key to grassroots governance is adapting to the objective requirements of urban and rural development as a whole,and promoting institutional innovation of social management and public service.Taiwan has made some exploration and practice in system remodeling,conversion and mechanisms recycling in rural grassroots governance,and accumulated abundant experience.Around the reality theme of promoting mechanism innovation and institutional transformation of the township governance,this research makes the management operation impeded,weak policy implementation,low service management capability and weak financial foundation such realistic problems in the current township government organizations as the guidance,and makes comprehensive and comparative analysis and summary of the two sides’township governance system.The study investigates the historical evolution of the cross-strait township governance and organizational positioning,social management,operation of public service functions and its financial base mainly through fieldwork and literature review.At the same time,it emphatically analyzes and interprets the current main contradictions and respective unique reform in cross-strait township governance.On the basis of above,this paper explores Taiwan grassroots governance lessons and its profound lesson on mainland's in depth,so that can provide theoretical,practical and policy support on ensuring the harmony and stability of the majority of the rural areas,realizing ordinal governance for the rural society. Keywords:Township,Governance,Comparison,Transformation
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绪言一 选题缘起与研究背景(一)选题缘起
(二)研究背景
二 研究对象与文献回顾(一)研究对象
(二)文献综述
三 研究主题与研究框架(一)研究主题
(二)研究框架
(三)关键问题
四 研究方法与个案概况(一)技术路线
(二)研究方法
(三)个案概况
第一章 乡镇政府的历史演变与体系定位一 两岸乡镇的历史嬗变(一)自治传统的生成及演进
(二)国家权力的下沉与渗透
二 乡镇政权的体系定位(一)基层政权的趋同层级
(二)政权架构的定位差异
第二章 乡镇政府的组织结构与职能运作一 基层政府的组织结构(一)组织架构:“单一”与“复合”
(二)机构设置:“灵活”与“刚性”
(三)人员编制:“完备”与“精简”
(四)选用方式:“考选+任命”
二 乡镇政府的职能运作(一)层级划分:“倒金字塔”
(二)权能类型:内与外
(三)职责分解:重合与差异
(四)核心职能:“乡民福利”与“乡村建设”
第三章 乡镇治理的主体关系与财政基础一 基层治理的主体关系(一)县乡关系:节制与支配
(二)乡村关系:嵌入与主导
(三)经济治理:互赖与扶助
(四)政府治理:共生与抑制
二 乡镇治理的财政基础(一)政府收入:“低度自主”与“高度依附”
(二)政府支出:“民生为重”与“管理上挂”
第四章 乡镇治理的现实困境与改革探索一 步入困境的政府治理(一)区划基础:“空间极化”与“被扩大化”
(二)体制结构:治权分割与管理失序
(三)运作模式:机制缺陷与功能失调
(四)经济成本:“民主赤字”与“民生债务”
二 乡镇改革的实践探索(一)路向论争:去废与留存
(二)路径选择:“自治终结”与“行政调整”
(三)绩效检审:进退与摇摆
第五章 乡镇治理的发展命题与政策参鉴一 变迁与成长:治理转型的宏观图景(一)经济体制的改革与变迁
(二)政治体制的变革与调适
(三)社会参与的崛起与成长
二 终结与转型:乡镇治理的发展面向(一)乡镇政府的变革宿命
(二)乡镇治理的发展面向
三 提升与共治:乡镇治理的转型命题(一)命题之一:从“乡政”到“县治”的提升
(二)命题之二:从“管制”到“共治”的转换
四 巩固与拓展:两岸比较的政策参鉴