马克思人的解放思想研究

Marx's thought on emancipating the humankind is the science for the working class and the broad masses of working people to criticize the old world and build a new world，to achieve comprehensive social progress and the total liberation of human.It is the result of Marx's joining social practice in the condition that the internal contradictions of capitalism was increasingly acute and the struggle of the working class is constantly deepened，and the result of Marx's inheritance and development to human's outstanding ideological achievements of results as well.The formation and development of Marx's thought on emancipating the mind is achieved with the course of Marxism's formation and development，and also inter affects and promotes with the development of historical materialism.The period from the graduation of secondary school to“Germany and France Yearbook”is the initial exploration period of Marx's thought on emancipating the mind.The period from the year 1844 to the publication of the“Communist Manifesto”is the gradual formation of historical materialism，and also the period of the gradual formation of Marx's thought on emancipating the mind.The publication of“The Communist Manifesto”marks the formal formation of Marx's thought on emancipating the mind.The period from the 1848 revolution to the death of Marx，is the rich and developing period of Marx's thought on emancipating the mind.The publication of“Das Kapital”marksthe eventual formation of Marx's thought on emancipating the mind.The human being's liberation is Marx's lofty ideals worth a lifetime struggle，and also a red line throughout the development process of Marx's thought on emancipating the mind.It regulates and guides the creation of Marx's theories，though its specific content with the continuous development of the Marxist ideol ogy to be strengthened and improved，gone from abstract to concrete，from theoretical to practical criticism，the basic point doesn't change and always focus on one axis，i.e.the human being's liberation.Marx's thought on emancipating the mind is put forward from the point of philosophy，scientifically proved from political economics and reaches to the ultimate goal of scientific socialism.Thus，this is not only formed point of departure，destination and purpose of all Marx's ideology，but also penetrates all of his ideology.It is in this sense that we say the human being's liberation is the purpose of all Marx's thought.On the basis of presence of scientifically grasping the existed shape and real nature of the human beings，Marx demonstrates the scientific contents of the human being's liberation from three angles: One is the level of liberation including reunification of kind liberation，group liberation and individual liberation.The other is the multidimension of liberation，i.e.from the blind forces of nature under the control of the liberation，from the blind community relations under the control of the liberation and from the shackles of its own people in the liberation.The third is the dialectic of liberation，i.e.the reunification of people's liberation and social progress，the liberation of the proletariat and the unity of human liberation，noble ideals and the reality of the reunification movement，unity and diversity.In Marx's view，the realization of communism，i.e.the total liberation of mankind，is a long historical process.Marx divides the general historical process of the proletariat's liberation into three general stages of development with the weapons of historical materialism and materialist dialectics，on the height of the mankind's general historical process，namely，the liberation of the political class-the economic social liberation-people's own liberation.“The political emancipation of the class”is the political prerequisite for human liberation,“economic social liberation”for the social premise of material and ideology，and on the basis of the previous two to achieve“the liberation of their own people”，namely，the realization of all to the comprehensive development.These three are connections and differences between stages of development，reflects the history of dialectical unity of communism，is the only way for the replacement of capitalism and the general law of the historical development of human society.Marx founds the liberation of the values and ideals on the objective laws of social and historical development of realistic basis，then proceeds to the combination of ideal and reality，in the scientific value of the unity，and also in the Theory and Practice of the intersection，investigate conditions for the realization of the liberation，looking for the real road for the human being's liberation: the liberation of the proletariat is the main force，the huge productivity growth and a high degree of development is the liberation of the material basis for the general development，contacts between people is the basic condition for the liberation，integration of education and productive labor is the the important ways to liberation.People's liberation is a theoretical issue and a practical issue as well.In China，a socialist country with backward economy and cultur，undeveloped productive forces，how to realize the people's liberation is a new topic in the history of Marxist development.Thus，the Chinese communists with Mao Zedong，Deng Xiaoping，Jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao as the representatives，under the guidance of Marx's thought on emancipating the mind，based on China's reality，continues to explore and sum up experience，innovation，and enrich and develop Marx's thought on emancipating the mind.In contemporary China，in the new century and new stage of holding high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics，comprehensively implementing the scientific concept of development，and building a socialist harmonious society，how to continue to promote coordinated development of social and economic construction，political construction，cultural construction，push forward the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and meanwhile，continuously push forward the human being's liberation，is the inevitable requirement for the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics，and also a pressing and important issues on practice placed in front of the Contemporary China.In a sense，building socialism with Chinese characteristics，promoting China's social modernization process，is the practical process to promote and realize people's liberation as well.

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